DSP Implementation of Moving object detection and tracking based on MPEG-4

Moving object detection is widely used in fields like aviation, marine, road monitoring for video surveillance and safety purposes. In this Digital signal processing project, we are going to discuss MPEG-4 based moving object detection and tracking system.

MPEG - 4 Moving Picture Experts Group is an organization who is responsible for video encoding standard. When compared to MPEG-1 and MPEG-2, MPEG - 4 encodes the video file in a smaller size which is why it is used widely in online streaming platforms and media file transfer. MPEG 2 is used in DVD’s and it has good video quality compared to MPEG 4.

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Project Implementation

Segmentation of moving object in the coder

With the help of the coder, detect and segment the moving object. For easy detecting and monitoring the detected moving object is clustered into a rectangle.

To detect the moving object perform the following analysis in the coder

• Segment the moving object
• Filter the noise
• Label the segmented moving object
• Rim the moving object in a small external rectangle

Following is the procedure for a flow diagram of the morphologic filter:

Start block - If the image edge is present remove the edge noise and send to end block or else send to check noise.

If the noise is present send to remove centre noise and check for hollow or groove and send to the centre filling.

Detection of moving object in the decoder

Now add the frame for the moving object in the decoder which is labelled to extract the movement label information of the macroblock from the code flow.

Following is the process followed to extract the movement label information of macroblock - if there is no moving block copy image block and end the process. If yes proceed to the next step and check whether it is on the rectangle edge if not copy image block and end. If it is on the rectangle edge add the frame for the block based on edge type and end.

Tracking of moving object 

In MPEG-4 standard there are three types of image frame I, P, B. Frames P and B need movement code which is forecast frames. I-frame is inner-frame that does not require any movement code.

By connecting the centroids of the identified moving object from all frame images the tracking of moving object is achieved.

Digital Signal Processing Implementation

DSP chips are used as the video compression processing component. Blackfin processor BF533 is used to achieve the required embedded video, audio communication and power constraint. Visual DSP++ is used to judge and optimize C code.  

Hardware kit used: BF533 EZ-KIT

Software: Visual DSP++ 3.5

Test performed:

1. Swing a USB flash drive in the plain background and collect 30 frames of a video sequence using a video camera.
2. Now collect actual video sequence of the surveillance scene of 100 frames. For both the videos the format is CIF with (325x240 pixels).

From the observations of results, you can find that the algorithm can perfectly detect more than one moving objects simultaneously.

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• Embedded

• DSP
• Digital Signal Processing
• Electronic
• Embedded Systems

DSP Implementation of Moving object detection and tracking based on MPEG-4