Drowziness Prevention and Collision Avoidance System

Drowsiness is a huge problem for the drivers, especially for long-distance travelers. This has led to many accidents and deaths too, the drowsiness can be caused due to sleeping disorder, alcohol consumption, or if the driver did not have enough sleep. We cannot stop drowsiness if the driver is not physically active but we can alert the driver if he is drowsing off.

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In this system the driver will be monitored continuously whether he is awake or he is drowsing off, the Eye blink sensor monitors the driver’s eyes, when the driver starts having micro sleeps that is closing the eyes for about 2-3 seconds an alert is triggered to wake up the driver.

If the driver is not waking up then the system also prevents collision, there is an ultrasonic sensor fixed in front of the vehicle. The distance between the vehicle and the collision object is measured and if the distance is less, then the vehicle is stopped to avoid accidents. In worst cases there might be some accidents so the vehicle is also fixed with impact sensor and if there is any impact then the position of the vehicle can be sent to police, friend or a family member through the GPS and GSM modules.

Project Description:

1. Arduino Uno: Arduino Uno is a Microcontroller based on Atmea328. It has 14 digital input/output pins and in which 6 of them can be used as PWM outputs, it also has 6 analog I/O pins, and a USB connection, a 16MHz ceramic resonator, a power jack, an IPSC header and a reset button.
2. GSM module: GSM stands for Global system for mobile communication, this GSM module can connect to a mobile network and can send text messages and perform voice call to other mobile devices.
3. GPS module: GPS stands for Global positioning system and by using this module the position of the device can be known that is the latitude and longitude can be known.
4. Eye blink sensor: The eye blink sensor is a device which emits IR rays and depending on the opening or closing of the eye the sensor give high or low output.
5. Ultrasonic sensor: Ultrasonic sensor is device which can measure the distance of an object by using sound waves. This sensor has a transmitter and a receiver that sends and receives only ultrasonic sound waves, the sound wave of a particular frequency is used by this device.

1. Impact sensor: This impact sensor is a shock or impact sensing device which can be a piezoelectric sensor or an acceleration sensor or a vibration sensor. These sensors detect and record the impact, this impact can be sudden movement.
2. Buzzer: Buzzer or beeper is an audio signaling device which is made up of mechanical, electromechanical, or piezoelectric materials. These are used for alarm, timers, and for signaling.

Project Implementation:

1. Fix the Eye blink sensor in front of the driver such that it senses the opening and closing of the eye.
2. The ultrasonic and the impact sensor has to be placed in front of the vehicle.
3. Program the Arduino such that the when the driver starts to have micro sleeps then the buzzer starts to alert him. The ultrasonic sensor continuously measures the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle in front of it, if the distance is reduced then alarm is sounded again and also with that the brakes are applied. The impact sensor if reads any data then location of the vehicle is sent to the registered numbers.
4. The details of the vehicle, that is the location and the impact force is sent through the GSM module to the registered numbers.

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Project Brief: The main aim of the project is to avoid sleep of the driver so that there is no accident occuring, the driver is monitored continuously with his eye blinking, if he starts having micro sleeps then he is alerted with an alarm and even though after alerting if the driver did not respond then the vehicle is stoped. If there is any collision then the details like the location and the impact force is sent to the registered numbers through text message.

Software requirements:

1. Arduino IDE Version 1.8.5 : You will be needing Arduino IDE software for writing and uploading the program into the Arduino Uno board.

Programming language: Arduino programming (C++)

• Arduino Uno
• GSM SIM900 Module
• GPS Module
• Ultrasonic sensor
• Eye blink sensor
• Impact sensor
• Buzzer

• Embedded System
• Mobile Networking
• GSM

Drowziness Prevention and Collision Avoidance System