Coconut Shell as Capping For Sand in Rapid Sand Filters

Water is the main source for the survival of the mankind. Water is used for irrigation, drinking, sanitation etc… we cannot imagine the world without water. Water is used for the drinking purposes is to be treated properly.

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For this treatment of the water every method there are several methods. But each method is implementing the chemicals into the water and processing the treatment this makes the water good in taste shows its side effects in a long run. In this project we focus on a part of the filtration of the surface water supplies.

Rapid san filters are used commonly in the surface water treatments. In this method the filter area is divided into minimum of two separate units to make the process more flexible. This is done prior the starting of the water treatment. This will act as a filtration tank as it will eradicate the minute particles that are present in the water. But due to the increase in the demand the loads on treatment plants are also been increased and this is making the process of Sand filtering ineffective as the dirt from the sedimentation tank will be transferred into the sand filers.

Capping of the sand filters is one of the best methods for improving the Efficiency of rapid sand filters. This process is covering the media with by caps like bituminous coal, anthracite coal, etc… here we use Crushed Coconut shells.

Requirements:

Crushes coconut shells.

River sand.

Gravel (for the base)

Testing the parameters of water such as pH, Turbidity etc…

Project Implementation:

1. A circular tank is constructed with outlet with diameter 60 cm and 100 cm height.
2. It is filled with gravel of 20cms thickness.
3. After the gravel it is filled with the river sand with 15 cm thickness.
4. Then it is again filled with the crushed coconut shells for 20 cm.
5. Water from the inlet tank is pumped into this tank.
6. A 10cm head of water is maintained always while performing the experiment in this tank.
7. Samples of water are collected from the filtering tank and inlet tank and are tested for the all the drinking parameters.
8. Report the difference between the water samples.

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Software Requirements:

• If you need to plot the graph for the values you can use software like MS-Excel, Origin Pro etc…

Conclusion:

This project provides a natural filter media through which the particles can be filtered. The pH and turbidity can be greatly reduced by using this method.

• No kit is required

• Environmental Engineering
• water pollution
• Sand

Coconut Shell as Capping For Sand in Rapid Sand Filters