Smart Energy Distribution System using Arduino

This project is an electronic system which can be implemented by using Arduino & GSM Module to give a command and receive feedback. We will use the technique of power shedding.

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Electricity transmission and distribution systems are among the most important technologies serving the world today bringing clean and useful energy to meet the demand of end users in many parts of the world. However, in the light of concerns on energy security and access, environmental impacts of energy and depletion and rising costs of non-renewable energy resources, these existing energy distribution systems have begun to show signs of age, inflexibility, vulnerability, high costs, and inefficiencies. Much has to be done to address these challenges facing centralized and large-scale power transmission and distribution. Smart energy distribution system is the most recommended system in the fast-growing energy demand era .it is used for the purpose of automatic controlling, distribution and monitoring. For the rapid transmission and well-calculated power shedding. The system has a manual and automatic approach. At the same time, distributed energy is becoming increasingly widespread and important, and entail the development and use of new and innovative approaches and technologies in energy supply and distribution.

Project Requirements:

Following are the key components which will be required for the project:

1. Current Sensor:The current sensor ACS712 is economical and gives precise solutions for AC or DC current sensing in all sector of application. Accuracy can be optimized through the close proximity of the magnetic signal to the Hall transducer. A precise, proportional voltage is provided by the low offset, chopper stabilized, which is programmed for accuracy.

2. Relay Module:The circuit which powers the coil is completely isolated from the part which switches ON/OFF, this provides electrical isolation.
3. Arduino UNO R3:Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P (datasheet). It has 14 digital input/output pins of which 6 can also be used as PWM outputs, 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz quartz crystal, a USB port drive, a power jack port, an ICSP header, and a reset button.
4. GSM Module SIM900:This is a GSM/GPRS-compatible Quad-band cell phone, which works on a frequency of 850/900/1800/1900MHz and which can be used not only to access the Internet but also for oral communication and for SMS..
5. RTC Module:RTCs use a crystal oscillator but some use the power line frequency In many cases, the oscillator's frequency is 32.768 kHz.

Project Implementation:

The common supply is distributed between two relays, each of relay is connected to the step-down transformer(220V-12V). The 12volt supply is given to both of the load relays and then power supply to cities as per the time scheduling of supply. All the four relays are interconnected. The ground of Arduino, Relays, GSM module, current sensor and RTC are common to avoid malfunction. All of the devices get the command from Arduino. The system works on power shedding, fault detecting, and route diverting. The power allocation is done first and time is allocated. As soon as the supply is given to the operating relay, it gives to the transformer. The Arduino gives a command that which relay will supply as the Arduino receives the time data from RTC. Transformer gives the supply to the second relay which directly connected to it. This relay sends the current to current sensorACS712, it senses the current and gives consumption quantity to Arduino and the continues to flow. If the current limit overreaches the allocated power, then Arduino sends the message to the registered mobile number of overload condition through the GSM module.

Software requirements:

1. Arduino IDEsoftware that is used to dump the firmware which considers the load shedding conditions and takes necessary actions for it.

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• Current Sensor
• Relay
• Arduino
• GSM
• RTC

• Arduino
• Energy meter
• Energy
• Automation

Smart Energy Distribution System using Arduino